Tolerância de genótipos de pimentão ao baixo teor de fósforo no solo

Abstract

Twenty two genotypes of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) were grown in pots containing 2.45 dm 3 soil, in which six phosphorus (P) levels were applied (25, 50, 100, 200, 300 and 600 mg.dm -3 P). For each P level, the genotype performance was evaluated according to the characteristics expressing growth and nutritional efficiency. For several P levels, there was an occurrence of great differences among genotypes either in total dry matter accumulation and other characteristics related to growth, whereas low differences were observed in the nutritional characteristics. Among all P levels applied, 200 mg.dm -3 P was the most adequate for both identification of genotypes which are tolerant to low P availability and genetic studies, for its experimental accuracy and greater genotypic variability provided. By comparing the averages of total dry matter and based on discriminatory functions (multivariate analysis technique proposed by T. W. Anderson), six genotypes were identified as tolerant, ten as moderately tolerant and six as intolerant to low P contents. Apparently, only one factor was responsible for the difference in growing, which was observed between tolerant and intolerant genotypes. The tolerant genotypes which showed to be 2.34 times more efficient in producing total dry matter, also accumulated 2.38 times more P in the average, than those intolerant, probably due to greater biomass of tolerant-genotype roots. Differences in internal P use did not contribute for the differences between tolerant and intolerant genotypes.