Mycorrhizae Resource Allocation in Root Development and Root Morphology

Abstract

Plant root systems are influenced by genetics and environmental conditions which are leading to varied root system architectures. Different plant species have diverse root system architectures, and mineral nutrient availability is mainly determined by the root system. Also, the availability of mineral nutrient uptake is played by the role of mycorrhizal fungi. In this chapter, the role of plant root development, root architecture, and mycorrhizal inoculation on mineral nutrition was reviewed. The root development, mainly the physiological, morphological, and molecular responses of plant roots to diverse nutrient uptake in assistance to the mycorrhizal fungi, is one of the hot research areas for plant scientists and plant nutritionists. Keeping in mind the importance of this subject, the present chapter is compiled which covers the importance of nutrient uptake in plant growth and development. Moreover, the importance of roots in nutrient uptake and establishing the symbiotic relationship is essential. Underground relations are set up by the plant roots in coordination with different soil microorganisms. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as a major soil organism participate in symbiotic relationship and facilitate the plant in growth and root development. Moreover, it shapes the plant roots for the better cooperation with AMF in nutrient and water uptake facilitation. It may change the root morphology, physiology, and molecular behavior which may vary plant to plant.