Identification of Blast Resistance Genes in Fifteen Rice Accessions (Oryza sativa L.) from North-Sumatera

Abstract

One challenge in improving rice productivity is the occurrence of blast disease caused by Pyricularia grisea. Development of current disease is affected by several factors, one of which is an expression of resistance gene towards blast by rice systemic defense. In order to construct blast-resistant variety, research has been conducted to identify resistance-controlling gene against blast in fifteen rice accessions native to North-Sumatera. Identification of blast resistance gene performed using PCR amplification of rice genome with six specific primers: Pi-d2, Pupl, Pi-ta2, Pi-37, Pi-z, and Pib. The results showed that genes, Pi-d2, Pi-z, and Pib were present on fifteen rice accessions, gene Pup1 positively located in fourteen accessions (93%), Pi-ta2 in thirteen accessions (87%), and Pi-37 in seven accessions (47%). Rice accessions with six blast resistance genes detected were: Ampari 3, Bagendi 1, Bagendi 3, Martabe 3, Siporang 2, and Silatian 2. The least number of genes were detected from two accesions namely: Ampari 2 and Sirara 2, with only four resistance genes.