Comparison of Microbiological Quality Between Organic and Conventional Goat Milk: A Study Case in Bogor, Indonesia

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare microbiological quality between organic and conventional goat milk in Bogor District, West Java Province, Indonesia.Between March to August 2018, a total of 36 bulk tank milk samples were collected from 3 locations of organic and conventional goat farms. The milk samples were determined for bacteria population (total plate count, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacteriaceae and coliform) and parasite population (Toxoplasma gondii, Entamoeba sp.and Balantidium sp.). The determination was according to US FDA-BAM (United States Food and Drug Administration-Bacteriological Analytical Manual) for Aerobic Plate Count analysis. Data were analyzed by Mann Whitney test. The presence of parasite was analyzed descriptively. Results showed that the populations of total bacteria, S. aureus, Enterobacteriaceae and coliform present inorganic goat milk were 5.58, 3.51, 4.32 and 3.69 log cfu/ml, respectively. On the otherhand, total bacteria, S. aureus, Enterobacteriaceae and coliform populations present in conventional goat milk were 5.02, 2.89, 4.12, and 2.46 log cfu/ml, respectively. Population of S. aureus, Enterobacteriaceae, and coliform in organic goat milk exceeded the maximum limit of the Indonesian National Standard, whereas for conventional goat milk only S. aureus and Enterobacteriaceae exceeded the maximum limit. T. gondii was not found either in organic or conventional goat milk, but other types of protozoa, i.e. Entamoeba sp. and Balantidium sp. were found. In conclusion, microbiological quality of organic and conventional goatmilk in Bogor was relatively similar and appropriate within the Indonesian National Standard.