Grassland ecosystems of the yellow river source zone: Degradation and restoration

Abstract

Why are the grassland resources in the Yellow River Source Zone in the Sanjiangyuan region on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau important for eco-environmental protection in China? What are the key ecological issues in this area? This chapter provides a summary of the biological resources and protection measures in the Yellow River Source Zone. Desertification of Alpine-steppe and Heitutan formation of alpine meadows across the Yellow River Source Zone are assessed to identify the processes of grassland degradation. Impacts of grazing on grassland are related to the effects of climate change. Particular emphasis is placed on the potential role of small mammals in grassland degradation. Building on field analyses, findings from modelling work and key implications from the international literature, alternative stable states in the processes of grassland degradation and restoration are developed to frame management interventions. Management programmes that can be applied to restore Heitutan in the Yellow River Source Zone on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau are outlined, highlighting implications for sustainable development strategies in the management of grassland resources.