Acute HIV infection: The impact of anti-retroviral treatment on cellular immune responses

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Abstract

The overall value of initiating anti-retroviral therapy during the acute phase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection remains unclear. From a clinical perspective, the lack of data from controlled randomized clinical trials limits understanding of long-term effects of treatment on the clinical course of HIV infection. Based on available data, the impact of anti-retroviral therapy during acute infection on the immune response against HIV-1 is not particularly encouraging. Recent observations on the very early depletion of lymphocyte reservoirs in the gastrointestinal tract may partially explain the limited benefit of anti-retroviral therapy initiated during the acute phase of HIV-1 infection. This may also help to explain the dichotomy between early observations demonstrating apparent immunological benefit with early anti-retroviral treatment that were associated none the less with inability to control viral replication following treatment interruption. © 2007 British Society for Immunology.

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Hicks, C. B., Gay, C., & Ferrari, G. (2007, August). Acute HIV infection: The impact of anti-retroviral treatment on cellular immune responses. Clinical and Experimental Immunology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03437.x

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