Age and the process of aging

Abstract

The epidemiological transition, with a rapid increase of the proportion of the global population aged over 65 years from 11 % in 2010 to 22 % in 2050 and about 32 % in 2100, represents a challenge for public health. More and more old persons have multimorbidities and are treated with a large number of medicines. In advanced age, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of many drugs are altered. In addition, pharmacotherapy may be complicated by difficulties with obtaining drugs or adherence and persistence with drug regimens. Safe and effective pharmacotherapy remains one of the greatest challenges in geriatric medicine. In this chapter the process of aging is described and the influence of age on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is presented. Information needed for appropriate prescribing of medicines to older patients is provided.