Impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance have distinct lipoprotein and apolipoprotein changes: The insulin resistance atherosclerosis study

Abstract

Context: Cardiovascular risk is increased in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG); however, those with IGT appear to be at greater risk. Lipoprotein abnormalities occur also in the prediabetic state. Objective: The authors examined lipoprotein composition in IGT and IFG. Design and Setting: Cross-sectional analysis of a large epidemiological study was done. Participants: The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study had a total of 1107 participants. Main measures: Lipoproteins and apolipoproteins were measured by conventional methods and lipoprotein composition by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results: Compared with normal glucose tolerance, apolipoprotein B (105.2 vs 99.8 mg/dL, P < .001). Conclusions: Isolated IFG is characterized by increased apolipoprotein B and total LDL particles, whereas isolated IGT is associated with increased triglycerides, large very-low-density lipoprotein subclass particles, and structural remodeling of LDL particles. These results may help to explain differences in cardiovascular disease risk in the prediabetic state. Copyright © 2013 by The Endocrine Society.