The formulation of pacing (Costus speciosus) extract tablet by using Avicel®PH 200 as filler-binder and amylum as disintegration agent

Abstract

Pacing (Costus speciosus) is an herbaceous plant that is native to Indonesia and it can be used as a male contraceptive due to spermatogenesis inhibition. The purpose of this study is to find out the composition of optimum Avicel PH 200® as the filler-binder and amylum as the disintegration agent and to find out the variations on physical properties of the powder and tablet. Tablets of Costus speciosus extract (CS tablet) were produced by direct compression in 8 runs based on Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) from Design Expert 7.1.5. Evaluation on physical properties of powder included tapping index, water absorption, and moisture content, while evaluation on the physical properties of tablet included hardness, friability, and disintegration time. The results showed that the variation in the composition between Avicel® PH 200 as the filler-binder and amylum as the disintegration agent had a significant effect on the friability of CS tablet, in which the combination of both materials can increase the friability of the tablet. The optimum formula of CS tablet had a composition of Avicel® PH 200 by 462.5mg and amylum by 37.5mg contained in each tablet.