Study of lipid profile in diabetic and non-diabetic chronic kidney disease patients on haemodialysis: a prospective comparative study from a sub Himalayan region in North India

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) leading to diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Several studies have observed lipid profile abnormalities in non-diabetic CKD patients with and without haemodialysis. Our study aims to reveal lipid profile abnormalities both in DKD and non-diabetic CKD patients on haemodialysis.Methods: A prospective comparative study included 50 DKD and 50 non-diabetic CKD patients on haemodialysis and 50 controls after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The demographic and biochemical, including lipid profile parameters data of all subjects was collected and statistically analysed. p<0.05 was considered as statically significant.Results: A total of 100 study patients, 50 DKD and 50 non-diabetic CKD patients, both on haemodialysis revealed significant dyslipidaemia when compared to controls. Total cholesterol in DKD patients on haemodialysis when compared to controls (177.5±80.5 versus 146.5±31.8 mg/dl) was significantly elevated (p=0.01). Low density lipoprotein (LDL) in DKD patients when compared to controls (94.1±43.3 versus 76.3±26.3 mg/dl) was also significantly elevated (p=0.01). Triglyceride levels in both DKD and non-diabetic CKD patients on haemodialysis in comparison to controls (213.8±182.1 and 169.2±132.3 versus 109.2±28.9 mg/dl respectively) were significantly elevated (p=0.0002 and p=0.003 respectively). Similarly, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels in both DKD and non-diabetic CKD patients were also significantly elevated when compared to controls (p=0.002 and p=0.003 respectively) whereas high density lipoprotein (HDL) was significantly reduced.Conclusion: Both DKD and non-diabetic CKD patients on haemodialysis revealed significant dyslipidaemia, a major cause of increased risk for cardiovascular diseases necessitating early treatment with statins.