Sustainable Development for Public Administration: Effective Management Administrative System of the 21st CenturyPublic Administration

Abstract

Reinventing the government was big in the early 1980s; post media presentation that echoed how inefficient the government has been. Ever since, the government went through different reorganization processes through the application of different modern management theories, endorsed by the politicians, such as the Hawthorne theory, the Gantt Theory, Mintzberg Management Theory, Theory X and Y, and the Agency Theory – all promise efficient government. They were implemented as a trial and error – one fails try another.   This management system separates the top management and bottom level management, known also as an operational management. This system was introduced in a fanfare but it represents a hollow system. Overtime, all these modern management theories, which Ghoshal argued as bad theories, have destroyed good management practice of a public institution. Its management and administrative system are broken, the institution becomes very dysfunctional, and it causes a badly divided government. This damaged system makes it easy for theft, fraud, corruption, bribery, grafts, sabotage, espionage, and all kinds of illegal practices. At the same time, the change causes the used to be a professional public institution to become an amateur corporation that is individually managed, personally ruled, and undemocratic governance.Leadership does not exist in this system, neither does the middle level management, and it also suffers from severe democratic deficits. This paper discusses the theoretical foundation of the bureaucracy and its analysis, andusing holistic and phenomenological approaches, this theory can be applied in the management administrative system of government, and this dysfunctionality and the broken system can be remedied practically.