Prevalence and pattern of congenital anomalies at tertiary health care hospital

Abstract

Background: Congenital abnormality is an abnormality of structure, function or body metabolism that is present at birth and results in physical or mental disability or is fatal. Congenital anomalies are the important cause of perinatal, early neonatal and infant morbidity and mortality. The long term disability caused by congenital anomalies may have a significant impact not only on the child's wellbeing and development but also on families, health care systems and societies Material & Method: It was a observational hospital based study conducted in. Total 64 cases of congenital malformation detected antenatally or at birth were analysed within a study period of one year Result: Total 64 cases of anomalies were found out of 5885 deliveries. The prevalence of congenital malformation was 1.08%. Majority were central nervous system anomaly 56.25%. Renal anomalies were 10.93%, multiple system involvement were in 7.8%, gastro-intestinal in 7.8%, skeletal anomalies were 6.25%, followed by respiratory, cardiovascular, lymphatic & soft tissue in 4.68%, 3.12%, 1.56%, 1.56% respectively. Conclusion: Congenital anomalies are important cause of still births and infant mortality, and are also contributors to childhood morbidity. Hence prenatal diagnosis by proper antenatal care and targeted scan is mandatory.