Comparing accuracy in guided endodontics: dynamic real-time navigation, static guides, and manual approaches for access cavity preparation – an in vitro study using 3D printed teeth

Abstract

Objectives: To assess root canal localization accuracy using a dynamic approach, surgical guides and freehand technique in vitro. Materials and methods: Access cavities were prepared for 4 different 3D printed tooth types by 4 operators (n = 144). Deviations from the planning in angle and bur positioning were compared and operating time as well as tooth substance loss were evaluated (Kruskal-Wallis Test, ANOVA). Operating method, tooth type, and operator effects were analyzed (partial eta-squared statistic). Results: Angle deviation varied significantly between the operating methods (p