Concurrent non-malleable zero knowledge with adaptive inputs

Abstract

Concurrent non-malleable zero-knowledge (CNMZK) considers the concurrent execution of zero-knowledge protocols in a setting where the attacker can simultaneously corrupt multiple provers and verifiers. We provide the first construction of a CNMZK protocol that, without any trusted set-up, remains secure even if the attacker may adaptively select the statements to receive proofs of; previous works only handle scenarios where the statements are fixed at the beginning of the execution, or chosen adaptively from a restricted set of statements. © 2011 International Association for Cryptologic Research.