Differential diagnosis of depression and dementia

Abstract

Cognitive complaints and depressive symptoms are common in older adults. While depressive symptoms may represent a primary mood disorder, they may also reflect the early signs of a dementia. Depression and dementia often differ in terms of their cognitive profile as well as the phenomenology of the depressive symptoms. Neuropsychologists can play an important role in making diagnostic decisions by providing objective assessment of both cognitive and psychological functioning. This chapter reviews considerations for differential diagnosis and provides practical tips for the clinician.