Hyperuricaemia and Other Cardiometabolic Risks among Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of further morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes patients. This study aimed to find the serum lipid profile, serum uric acid levels, other CVD risk factors, and how these factors are affected by diabetes duration in adults with type 2 diabetes. The cross- sectional study, involving 100 subjects, was carried out at the Diabetes Centre, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi, Ghana. Adult type 2 diabetes patients, 20 years or older, were recruited for the study. The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Panel III and American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines were used to find the metabolic status of the patients. Of the 100 patients, 74% and 62% had high systolic blood pressure and abdominal obesity, respectively. Also, high LDL-cholesterol and hypercholesterolaemia were found in 47% and 46% of the patients, respectively. Forty-six percent (46%) of the patients were hyperuricaemic. Cardiovascular disease risk increased with age from 20 to 79 years. The female diabetics had more adverse CVD risk profile than the male diabetics (high LDL, 55% vs. 23.1%; high total cholesterol, 54.1% vs. 23.1%; high triglycerides, 32.4% vs. 30.8%; low HDL, 25.7% vs. 3.8%). Fifty percent (50%) of females compared to 34.6% of males were hyperuricaemic. However, hypertension was more prevalent among males (systolic blood pressure, 76.9%; diastolic blood pressure, 38.5%) than among females (systolic blood pressure, 73%; diastolic blood pressure, 37.8%). In conclusion, the prevalence of hyperuricaemia and other cardiometabolic risks was high among type 2 diabetes patients. Keywords: