Relationship Between Field Crops and Mycorrhiza

Abstract

Nutrition, which is the basic requirement from the existence of humanity until today, makes agriculture one of the indispensables. Through agricultural production, it is aimed to make the most production with minimum input. In addition, the quality and reliable products to be obtained comes to the fore. During agricultural production, it is necessary to use organic materials rather than chemicals. For this reason, mycorrhizal fungi have an important place in agricultural production. and plant nutrition and is effective in taking many elements into the plant, especially P and Zn. For organic agriculture mycorrhiza production is important. In some countries making agriculture, the most important problem is the high input costs in production. One of the most important inputs is fertilizer. In some agricultural enterprises, excessive use of fertilizers due to insufficient awareness of the detrimental effects leads the loss of productivity of agricultural lands and adverse effects on the environment, while in some places insufficient use of fertilizers leads to low yield. For this reason, the importance of mycorrhiza fungus that can be substituted for fertilizer is great. It has been determined that many plants on earth form symbiotic relationships with fungi. Mycorrhizal fungus provides water and minerals from the outside to the plant, and organic matter from the inside to the outside. In this way, this symbiosis is active all the time and the nutritional cycle and plant viability in the ecosystem is maintained by providing resistance to biotic and abiotic stress factors of plants. So far, applications such as natural symbioses, classical agricultural methods, over-fertilization, eutrophication reduce the microbial diversity of the soil. In order to encourage symbiosis between nitrogen-binding bacteria and legume plants, many legume plants having important place in field crops should be cultivated, so the soil should be made productive, because human and animal nutrition food needs should be supplied.