Hybrid networks and ecological sensing

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks have been in use by ecologists for more than a decade. Many of these networks are hybrid networks, incorporating diverse network technologies to bridge the gap from the sensor in the field and the database in the office or laboratory. We briefly review sensor and available wireless network technologies and then examine, in some detail, several examples of field networks from Taiwan and Virginia (USA). The examples include networks which monitor meteorological variables, lake physical and chemical characteristics, water levels, butterfly habitat, and forest dynamics, including sound and images. We discuss the advantages of using hybrid sensor networks and areas where additional improvements are still needed.