Environmental factors affecting the distribution of land snails in the Atlantic Rain Forest of Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, RJ, Brazil

  • Nunes G
  • Santos S
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Abstract

The distribution and abundance of terrestrial molluscs are affected by environmental factors, but data are lacking for Brazilian land snails. The aim of this study was to understand the relationship between measured environmental factors and the land-snail species composition of two hillsides covered with Atlantic Rain Forest on Ilha Grande. On each hillside, five plots located at 100 m intervals between 100 to 500 m asl were chosen. Each plot was sampled by carrying out timed searches and collecting and sorting litter samples from ten quadrats of 25 × 75 cm. A range of environmental data was measured for each of the quadrats in a plot. A Cluster Analysis was carried out for the richness and abundance data. The environmental variables were analysed using a Pearson Correlation Matrix and Discriminant Analysis. Our results show that the two mountains are similar in species richness, but species composition and abundance are different, probably reflecting observed differences in environmental conditions. The environmental factors associated with compositional variation between the two mountains were: atmospheric temperature, soil temperature, litter depth, and relative air humidity. Distinct luminosity and canopy closure conditions were related to the composition of the land-snail community of one hillside.A distribuição e a abundância de moluscos terrestres são afetadas por fatores ambientais, mas não existem dados para moluscos terrestres no Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi entender a relação entre as variáveis ambientais aferidas e a composição da malacofauna terrestre em duas vertentes cobertas por Mata Atlântica, na Ilha Grande. Em cada vertente, foram escolhidos cinco plots, com intervalos de 100 m de altitude, de 100 a 500 m de altitude. Em cada plot, foram feitas a coleta direta e a coleta de serapilheira, utilizando 10 quadrats de 25 × 75 cm. Os dados ambientais foram quantificados em cada quadrat. Com riqueza e abundância, realizou-se análise de grupamento. Com as variáveis ambientais, foram feitas a Matriz de Correlação de Pearson e a Análise Discriminante. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que, nas duas vertentes, a riqueza foi semelhante, mas a composição e a abundância foram diferentes, o que provavelmente ocorreu devido a diferenças encontradas nas variáveis ambientais. Os fatores do ambiente que influenciaram a distribuição dos moluscos terrestres nas duas vertentes foram: temperatura ambiente e do solo, profundidade da serapilheira e umidade relativa do ar. A luminosidade e o percentual de fechamento do dossel também influenciaram a distribuição da malacofauna na vertente continental.

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Nunes, G., & Santos, S. (2012). Environmental factors affecting the distribution of land snails in the Atlantic Rain Forest of Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, RJ, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 72(1), 79–86. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842012000100010

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