Contribution to the Study of Risk Factors for Cholera in City of Uvira in South Kivu Province of Democratic Republic of the Congo (D.R.C.)

Abstract

The objective of this work was to identify the risk factors for cholera and to propose an appropriate control strategy. It is therefore, a case control analytical study conducted in Uvira for the period from January to December 2020. The strength of the association between exposure and disease is estimated by the odds ratio. It has been observed that no age has been spared from cholera, with an overrepresentation of men. The disease has a strong predilection for regions with problems with hygiene, water and sanitation. Our study identified risk factors, such as contact with cholera; a lack of waste disposal system; a lack of running water and soap to wash hands before meals and after passing stools; a lack of hygienic latrines; a lack of water treatment for drinking; the consumption of food left uncovered by vendors at the roadside; the consumption of the raw fruits, tubers and foods; the conservation of drinking water in a container with a non-narrow collar; illiteracy; and the consumption of well water. However, all of these factors are vulnerable through a multisectoral approach through control strategies, such as governmental political commitment, behavior change, communication, epidemiological surveillance, community participation and funding of drinking water programs to improve accessibility and environmental sanitation.