Comparative evaluation of propofol in nanoemulsion with solutol and soy lecithin for general anesthesia

Abstract

Introduction:Thevehicleforpropofolin1and2%solutionsissoybeanoilemulsion10%,whichmaycausepainoninjection,instabilityofthesolutionandbacterialcontamination.Formula-tionshavebeenproposedaimingtochangethevehicleandreducetheseadversereactions.Objectives:Tocomparetheincidenceofpaincausedbytheinjectionofpropofol,withahypoth-esisofreductionassociatedwithnanoemulsionandtheoccurrenceoflocalandsystemicadverseeffectswithbothformulations.Method:AfterapprovalbytheCEP,patientsundergoinggynecologicalprocedureswereincludedinthisprospectivestudy:control(n=25)andnanoemulsion(n=25)groups.Heartrate,non-invasivebloodpressureandperipheraloxygensaturationweremonitored.Demographicsandphysicalconditionwereanalyzed;surgicaltimeandtotalvolumeusedofpropofol;localorsystemicadverseeffects;changesinvariablesmonitored.Avalueofp<0.05wasconsideredsignificant.Results:Therewasnodifferencebetweengroupsregardingdemographicdata,surgicaltimes,totalvolumeofpropofolused,armwithdrawal,painduringinjectionandvariablesmonitored.Therewasastatisticallysignificantdifferenceinpainintensityatthetimeofinductionofanesthesia,withlesspainintensityinthenanoemulsiongroup.Conclusions:Bothlipidandnanoemulsionformulationsofpropofolelicitedpainonintravenousinjection;however,thenanoemulsionsolutionelicitedalessintensepain.Lipidandnanoemul-sionpropofolformulationsshowedneitherhemodynamicchangesnoradverseeffectsofclinicalrelevance.