Uma abordagem filosófica do capitalismo é possível? Limites e possibilidades de renovação da filosofia social contemporânea

Abstract

In this paper, we will seek to contribute, within the limits of a work of this nature, to a new orientation for contemporary social philosophy. In fact, in a first moment we will show that the recent social philosophy has been notable for the analysis of negative experiences, with an emphasis on the process of subjectivity formation, as well as for the focus on the diagnosis of social pathologies related to the subjective patterns of personal self-achievement. In a second moment, we will point out that the problem is that, in this context, the social itself may eventually appear as something exclusively negative, threatening, deficient and generating pathologies. However, we believe that the challenge of capturing equally the cause of the pathologies, powers and the perspective of the dominant, and not only the deleterious effects generated by them and the perspective of the dominated, can be better dealt with through the theme of capitalism as a social phenomenon. That is why we will outline, in a third way, some basic guidelines - a praxeological and normative approach - so that social philosophy may simultaneously maintain its fundamental conquests and advances in order to directly account for the capitalist social as cause of pathologies.