DNA-Based Hydrogels: An Approach for Multifunctional Bioapplications

Abstract

DNA-based networks have attracted significant interest in the last decades, due to its hydrophilicity, biocompatibility and stimuli responsiveness. These characteristics make them very suitable for a variety of applications in the biomedical field. In this context, relevant advances on the design and formulation of DNA-based systems as technological devices to be used in clinical applications have been accomplished. In the last few years, particular attention has been focused on the plasmid DNA (pDNA) hydrogels. Biocompatible pDNA gel networks were synthesized by a cross-linking reaction. In order to enhance transfection efficiency and targeting of the systems, transferrin has been included in the protocol of hydrogels preparation. All developed carriers are photodegradable which opens the possibility for the sustained and controlled delivery of different plasmids and anticancer drugs. The cancer treatment approach based on the combination of chemotherapy and specific gene delivery demonstrated to possess stronger ability to weaken the growth and proliferation of tumour cells. The effect is enhanced when transferrin is present in the pDNA hydrogels. This finding is a great achievement and instigates further research focused on the generation of new vectors for the delivery of biopharmaceuticals contributing for the evolution of cancer therapy.