PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH ORGANIK (FENOL) DAN LOGAM BERAT (Cr6+ ATAU Pt4+) SECARA SIMULTAN DENGAN FOTOKATALIS TiO2, ZnO-TiO2, DAN CdS-TiO2 1. Pendahuluan

Abstract

Abstrak Dalam penelitian ini limbah logam berat (Cr dan Pt) dan organik (fenol) diolah secara simultan dengan metode fotokatalitik yang relatif masih baru, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan recovery terhadap logam berat Cr dan Pt. Percobaan fotokatalisis dilakukan meggunakan katalis berbasis TiO 2 dalam fotoreaktor batch. Recovery logam Cr dan Pt masing-masing dilakukan dengan metode presipitasi dan leaching. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya efek sinergisme antara reduksi logam berat (Cr 6+ atau Pt 4+) dan oksidasi senyawa organik (fenol) pada sistem fotokatalitik, yaitu dapat meningkatkan konversi masing-masing. Penambahan dopan ZnO (loading optimal = 0,5% berat) dapat meningkatkan kinerja fotokatalis TiO 2 dalam mereduksi Cr(VI), meskipun tidak terlalu signifikan. Loading CdS (pada TiO 2) yang optimal adalah sebesar 1% berat, memberikan aktivitas tertinggi dengan konversi reduksi Cr(VI) dan oksidasi fenol masing-masing ≥ 97 % dan 93 %. Reduksi Platinum menggunakan fotokatalis 0,5%ZnO-TiO 2 dan 1%CdS-TiO 2 terbukti cukup efektif dengan konversi > 99 % selama 2 jam reaksi. Proses recovery Cr(III) mencapai hasil optimal pada pH = 9, dengan efisiensi recovery sebesar 91 %. Suhu leaching optimal pada proses recovery Pt adalah 100 o C, dengan efisiensi recovery sebesar 86 %. Abstract Simultaneous Treatment of Organic (Phenol) and Heavy Metal (Cr 6+ or Pt 4+) Wastes over TiO 2 , ZnO-TiO 2 and CdS-TiO 2 Photocatalysts. Treatment of heavy metal (Cr 6+ and Pt 4+) and organic (phenol) wastes has been studied using the relatively new method, i.e. simultaneous photocatalytic process over TiO 2 photocatalysts in the batch photoreactor. Following the photocatalytic reduction of the heavy metal wastes, recovery of Cr and Pt was carried out by precipitation and leaching method, respectively. The experimental results show that in the simultaneous photocatalytic system, there is a synergism effect between the photocatalytic reduction of heavy metal waste (Cr 6+ or Pt 4+) and the oxidation of organic waste (phenol), so that increasing the conversion of each other. Dopant of ZnO with the optimum loading (0.5 wt%) could slightly increase the performance of TiO 2 photocatalyst in photocatalytic treatment of the wastes. Whereas CdS dopant with the optimum loading of 1 wt% could significantly enhance the performance of TiO 2 photocatalyst in simultaneous Cr(VI) reduction and phenol oxidation with the highest conversion of ≥ 97 % and 93 %, respectively. Photocatalytic reduction of Pt(IV) under 0.5%ZnO-TiO 2 and 1%CdS-TiO 2 photocatalysts effectively occurred with a high conversion (> 99 %) in 2 hours irradiation of UV. The optimum precipitation condition of Cr(III) recovery was achieved at pH = 9, with the efficiency of recovery was 91 %. Optimum temperature of leaching process in Pt recovery was 100 o C, with the efficiency of recovery was 86 %.