Kawasaki disease in an infant after administration of hexavalent vaccine

Abstract

Kawasaki disease is a vascular disorder of unknown etiology that affects children. Kawasaki disease mainly involves medium-sized blood vessels and may cause cardiovascular complications, particularly coronary artery aneurysms. Concern has been raised against various types of vaccines becoming potential risk factors for Kawasaki disease. Here, we describe a case of a 4-month-old Saudi infant who presented with incomplete Kawasaki disease a few hours after receiving his hexavalent vaccine and there was a significant dilatation of all coronary arteries. Although a relationship between vaccinations and Kawasaki disease has been suggested, there is no strong evidence of an increased risk or causal association. This possibility of adverse effects is rare but should be observed and further investigated.