Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)

Abstract

This chapter outlines the design and synthesis of a class of highly functional porous materials known as MOFs (Metal-Organic Frameworks) by various techniques including conventional, microwave-assisted, electrochemical, mechanochemical and sonochemical methods. The physical attributes of various MOFs like the strength of the frameworks and surface area, thermal stabilities, chirality, luminescence and magnetic properties are also elaborated upon, citing recent literature. MOFs as composites, specifically with nanoparticles, metal oxides, organic polymers and polyoxometalates are outlined. The use of MOFS in engineering applications, especially in CO2 capture, storage of gases, catalysis, sensing, drug delivery and as semiconductors are discussed, using specific and recent examples.