Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia

Abstract

Introduction. Ectodermal dysplasia is a group of genetically determined disorders manifesting in the developmental malfunction of ectodermal structures: Teeth, hair, nails and skin glands. Objective. We present the case of a 22-month-old boy with diagnosed hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia and the literature review. Case report. A 22-month-old boy was admitted to the Dermatology Department because of severe itching and erythematous skin patches in flexural areas. During the physical examination, in addition to skin lesions, hypodontia, hypotrichosis and hypohidrosis were found. The diagnosis of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia was established. As the criteria of Hanifin and Rajka were met, the boy was also diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. Conclusions. Although hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is a condition with good prognosis, a wide range of associated facial abnormalities, dental problems and other concomitant defects make patients' quality of life markedly impaired. Patients and their families need dental implant surgery, treatment of co-morbidities, psychological counselling and support.