Electrophysiology and optical imaging provide complementary neural sensing capabilities – electrophysiological recordings have high temporal resolution, while optical imaging allows recording of genetically-defined populations at high spatial resolution. Combining these two modalities for simultaneous large-scale, multimodal sensing of neural activity across multiple brain regions can be very powerful. Here, transparent, inkjet-printed electrode arrays with outstanding optical and electrical properties are seamlessly integrated with morphologically conformant transparent polymer skulls. Implanted on transgenic mice expressing the Calcium (Ca2+) indicator GCaMP6f in excitatory neurons, these “eSee-Shells” provide a robust opto-electrophysiological interface for over 100 days. eSee-Shells enable simultaneous mesoscale Ca2+ imaging and electrocorticography (ECoG) acquisition from multiple brain regions covering 45 mm2 of cortex under anesthesia and in awake animals. The clarity and transparency of eSee-Shells allow recording single-cell Ca2+ signals directly below the electrodes and interconnects. Simultaneous multimodal measurement of cortical dynamics reveals changes in both ECoG and Ca2+ signals that depend on the behavioral state.
CITATION STYLE
Donaldson, P. D., Navabi, Z. S., Carter, R. E., Fausner, S. M. L., Ghanbari, L., Ebner, T. J., … Kodandaramaiah, S. B. (2022). Polymer Skulls With Integrated Transparent Electrode Arrays for Cortex-Wide Opto-Electrophysiological Recordings. Advanced Healthcare Materials, 11(18). https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202200626
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