The Physiology of the Vestibuloocular Reflex (VOR)

Abstract

In this chapter, we have introduced the physiology of the vestibuloocular reflex and its compensatory and orienting functions. Advances in technology have frequently resulted in advances in basic understanding of the system. Means are now available to record the movements of the eyes, body, and limbs in freely moving subjects and to study vestibular function more precisely at a cellular level. From this, new understanding of the physiology of the vestibular system will emerge, particularly at the cellular level, which will probably dwarf all previous efforts. The clinical significance of this system is great because the reflexes that provide postural control during standing and help stabilize gaze and the body while walking and running are vital to normal function and can easily be disordered, both by disease and by aging. Thus, the physiology warrants deeper investigation solely for its clinical importance. Beyond that, however, the vestibular system sits at the heart of the motion-sensing apparatus of the brain, and it can serve as a model system for studying how the brain integrates information from many sensory systems to generate a motor output whose function is both well-known and vital to normal behavior and survival.