Componential analysis and acaricidal activities of Stellera chamaejasme extracts by supercritical fluid extraction

Abstract

Extracts of Stellera chamaejasme by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) were shown to have acaricidal activities against Tetranychus cinnabarinus. In these experiments, we extracted the components of Stellera chamaejasme through optimizing the supercritical parameters of CO2 in SFE by uniform experimential design, and analyzed the extracts of Stellera chamaejasme, which were isolated under the optimal supercritical condition, by GC/MS analysis. Our results showed that the optimal condition of supercritical CO2 extraction was extracting pressure 49 MPa, extracting temperature 15 °C, resolution pressure 43 MPa, and resolution temperature 6.25°C. Under the optimal condition, the theoretical extract rate was 3.7731%, and actual measurement extract rate was 3.7534 %. Extracts of Stellera chamaejasme from the optimal SFE condition had contacting and systemic toxicity against Tetranychus cinnabarinus, which were more active than extracts by cold-soaked extraction method, with LC50 value of 2.407 mg/mL and 2.990 mg/mL, respectively. There were 13 compounds detected in the extracts from Stellera chamaejasme by supercritical fluid extraction, 99.99% of all components. The major compounds were Squalene, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, n- Hexadecanoic acid, Quinoline, and Campesterol. Squalene was the first time found from Stellera chamaejasme. Here, we also showed that Squalene had contacting and systemic toxicity against Tetranychus cinnabarinus, with LC50 value of 9.918 mg/mL and 12.918 mg/mL, respectively. © 2012 Springer-Verlag GmbH.