Biomechanical analysis of different knee prosthesis biomaterials using FEM

Abstract

Metal alloys have been the materials of choice since the start of orthopedic surgery. Orthopedic materials must fulfill the mechanical, biological and physical necessities of their proposed utilization. Knee joint is the most complex joint in human body gets the discriminating loads in different moving conditions. Accordingly the material utilized for knee implant assumes exceptionally essential part for long survival of knee prosthesis. The materials that are utilized as biomaterials incorporate polymers, metals, ceramics, and composites. Out of those materials cobalt-chromium alloys, titanium alloys, stainless steel and Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene are most usually utilized biomaterials for knee implants. The objective of this paper is to prepare 3D CAD model of prosthetic knee joint from available literature and study the distribution of von-mises stresses, contact pressure, total deformation and in the same by assigning it the different combination of biomaterials for femoral and tibial components. 3D modeling software PRO ENGINEER 5. 0 is used for 3D modeling of knee implant and finite element analysis software ANSYS 12. 0 is used for numerical estimation of von-mises stresses and contact pressure. The aim is to find out the FEM results considering static case of knee joint for different biomaterials compare the results and find out the best biomaterial for knee implant design for total knee replacement. © Research India Publications.