Inheritance of plant height and spike length in wheat

Abstract

Using the line x tester analysis (Sing and Choudhary, 1979), we studied the combining ability, gene effects and mode of inheritance of plant height and spike length, using 5 females, 3 testers and 15 F] hybrids of wheat. The mode of inheritance of characters under study depended on the cross combination and the year of growing. In most cases the mode of inheritance was dominant. Estimation of the genetic components of variation as well as ratio of GCA/SCA showed that plant height in the first year and spike length in the second year of research were predominantly controlled by additive gene action. Non-additive gene effects have been found to be more important than additive ones in the inheritance of plant height in the second year and spike length in the first year of research. The estimates of general combining ability (GCA) pointed out that the best general combiner for the plant height in the first year was line NS 31/96, while in the second year the best combiner was variety Fundulea 490. For the spike length the best general combiner in the both years was line NS 31/96. The line NS 31/96 was the best general combiner in this research and it can be used in wheat breeding.Koristeci linija x tester analizu (Singh i Choudhary, 1979) proucavane su kombinacione sposobnosti, efekti gena i nacin nasledjivanja visine stabljike i duzine klasa, koristeci pet majki, tri testera i 15 Fi hibrida psenice. Analiza komponenti geneticke varijanse kao i odnos OKS/PKS ukazuju da su u nasledjivanju visine stabljike u prvoj godini i duzine klasa u drugoj godini najveci znacaj imali aditivni geni. Neaditivni geni su preovladjivali u nasledjivanju visine stabljike u drugoj godini i duzine klasa u prvoj godini ispitivanja. Nacin nasledjivanja ispitivanih svojstava zavisio je od kombinacije ukrstanja i godine ispitivanja. U vecini slucajeva nasledjivanje je bilo dominantno. Analizom opstih kombinacionih sposobnosti (OKS) moze se zakljuciti daje najbolji opsti kombinator za visinu stabljike u prvoj godini bila linija NS 31/96, dok je u drugoj godini najbolji kombinator bila sorta Fundulea 490. Za duzinu klasa najbolji opsti kombinator u obe godine ispitivanja bila je linija NS 31/96. Linija NS 31/96 je generalno bila najbolji opsti kombinator zbog cega se preporucuje za koriscenje u programima oplemenjivanja psenice.