STRATEGI PEMENUHAN SYARAT MUTU STANDAR NASIONAL INDONESIA (SNI) BIJI KAKAO FERMENTASI

Abstract

ABSTRAK Hubungan atribut mutu biji kakao fermentasi dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia serta tahapan dan prioritas pengolahannya perlu dituangkan dalam suatu matriks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan atribut mutu biji kakao fermentasi yang dipersyaratkan SNI 2323-2008 dan tahapan pengolahannya dengan metode Quality Function Deployment (QFD), sehingga menghasilkan urutan prioritas tahapan pemrosesan. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 5 langkah, yaitu menyusun atribut kualitas, menyusun atribut proses produksi, menghubungkan atribut kualitas dan atribut tahapan pengolahan, menghubungkan tahapan pengolahan, serta menghitung dan memilah tahapan prioritas pengolahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwahubungan yang sangat kuat terdapat pada atribut mutu pengotor memiliki nilai hubungan sebesar 3,8 dengan proses pengeringan biji kakao, kadar biji berjamur memiliki nilai hubungan sebesar 3,8 dengan penyimpanan biji kakao, kadar air memiliki nilai hubungan sebesar 3,6 dengan penyimpanan dan 4 dengan pengeringan biji kakao, serangga hidup memiliki nilai hubungan sebesar 3,8 dengan penyimpanan dan 3,6 dengan kemasan biji kakao. Hubungan yang erat antara pengolahan biji kakao ditunjukkan pada proses pengeringan memiliki nilai 3 dengan fermentasi biji kakao, biji kakao kering kemasan memiliki nilai 2,8 dengan pengeringan dan memiliki nilai2,6 dengan sortasi biji kakao kering, kakao penyimpanan biji memiliki nilai hubungan 2,8 dengan pengeringan, dan memiliki nilai hubungan 2,6 dengan pemilahan biji kering dan memiliki nilai hubungan 3 dengan kemasan. Kata kunci : Biji Kakao; Fermentasi; Pascapanen; Prioritas; Pengolahan ABSTRACT The relationship of the quality attributes of fermented cocoa beans in the Indonesian National Standard and its processing steps and priorities needs to be spelled out in a matrix. This study aims to describe the relationship between the quality attributes of fermented cocoa beans required by SNI 2323-2008 and the processing stages using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method, to produce a priority sequence of processing stages. This research consists of 5 steps, including arranging quality attributes, arranging the attributes of the production process, connecting quality attributes and processing step attributes, connecting the processing steps, and calculating and sorting the priority stages of processing. The results shown that a very strong relationship is in the attributes of the quality of impurities has a relationship value of 3.8 with the drying process of cocoa beans, moldy seed content has a relationship value of 3.8 with the storage of cocoa beans, water content has a relationship value of 3.6 with storage and 4 with drying cocoa beans, live insects have a relationship value of 3.8 with storage and by 3.6 with the packaging of cocoa beans. A strong relationship between cocoa bean processing is shown in the drying process has a value of 3 with the fermentation of cocoa beans, dried cocoa bean packaging has a value of 2.8 with drying and has a value of 2.6 with a sortation of dried cocoa beans, cocoa bean storage has a relationship value of 2.8 with drying, and has a relationship value of 2.6 with dry seed sortation and has a relationship value of 3 with packaging. The results of the priority sequence analysis of the processing stages showed that cocoa bean storage had anaverage contribution value of 0.130, drying cocoa beans had an average contribution value of 0.120, and packaging had an average contribution value of 0.112, soo that the strategy to fulfill SNI for cocoa bean fermentation can be optimal by using the QFD matrix Keywords : Cocoa Beans; Fermentation; Postharvest; Processing; Priority