Cardiovascular Evaluation and Treatment of the Endurance Athlete

Abstract

Includes index. Dedication; Preface; Contents; Contributors; Part I: Medical Conditions; 1: Cardiovascular Evaluation and Treatment of the Endurance Athlete; Introduction; Overview of Normal Physiological Adaptations to Endurance Training; Left Ventricular Adaptations to Endurance Exercise; Right Ventricular Adaptations to Endurance Exercise; Atrial Adaptation to Endurance Exercise; Variability of Exercise-Induced Cardiac Remodeling; Clinical Implications of Remodeling; Electrical Remodeling; Evaluation of the Symptomatic Endurance Athlete; Chest Pain; Syncope; Palpitations; Atrial Arrhythmias Long-Term Effect of Chronic Endurance Training Sudden Death During Endurance Competition; Conclusion; References; 2: Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction and Vocal Cord Dysfunction; Vocal Cord Dysfunction; References; 3: Evaluation and Treatment of Heat- and Altitude-Related Illness; References; 4: Pregnancy and the Endurance Athlete; Introduction; Pregnancy Physiology; Endurance Physiology; Physiological Concerns of Exercise During Pregnancy; Maternal Physiologic Concerns; Fetal Physiological Concerns; Risks/Benefits of Exercise During Pregnancy; Physical Activity in Pregnancy Exercise Prescriptions Exercise Prescription During Pregnancy; The Sedentary or Non-exercising Patient; The Regular Exercising Patient; The Elite Athlete; Conclusion; References; 5: Gender Differences: Considerations for the Female Endurance Athlete; Historical Perspective; Anatomical and Physiological Differences in the Female Endurance Athlete; VO2max; Other Sex Differences; Medical Conditions in the Female Endurance Athlete; Iron Deficiency Anemia and Iron Depletion; Stress Urinary Incontinence; Overtraining Syndrome; Exercise-Associated Collapse and Hyponatremia The Female Athlete Triad and the Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport Energy Availability; Menstrual Dysfunction; Poor Bone Health; Stress Fractures; References; 6: Considerations for the Pediatric Endurance Athlete; Background; Is Long-Distance Running Safe?; Endurance Training Physiology; Growth; Training; Cardiac Changes; References; Part II: Musculoskeletal Conditions; 7: Treatment of Stress Fractures; Pathophysiology; Risk Factors for Stress Fractures; Intrinsic Factors; Extrinsic Factors; Clinical Presentation; Imaging Evaluation; Radiography; Bone Scintigraphy Ultrasound SPECT Scan; Computed Tomography; MRI; Classification/Grading; High-Risk Stress Fractures Versus Low-Risk Stress Fractures; Rib and Upper Extremity Stress Fractures; General Treatment Principles; Management of High-Risk Stress Fractures; Return to Sports Participation; Prevention of Stress Injuries; Summary; References; 8: Evaluation and Treatment of Soft Tissue Overuse Injuries; Achilles Tendinosis; Introduction; Terminology; Anatomy; Pathophysiology of Tendinosis; Epidemiology; Etiology; Physical Exam; Imaging; Treatment; Medications; Rehabilitation