Prehospital idarucizumab prior to intravenous thrombolysis in a mobile stroke unit

Abstract

Background: Administration of intravenous idarucizumab to reverse dabigatran anticoagulation prior to thrombolysis for patients with acute ischemic stroke has been previously described, but not in the prehospital setting. The speed and predictability of idarucizumab reversal is well suited to prehospital treatment in a mobile stroke unit and allows patients with recent dabigatran intake to access reperfusion therapy. Aims: To describe feasibility of prehospital idarucizumab administration prior to thrombolysis on the Melbourne mobile stroke unit. Methods: The Melbourne mobile stroke unit is a specialized stroke ambulance servicing central metropolitan Melbourne, Australia and provides prehospital assessment, scanning and treatment with an integrated CT scanner and multidisciplinary stroke team. All cases were identified through the mobile stroke unit treatment registry since launch in November 2017. Results: Of a total of n = 20 thrombolysis cases in the first 4 months of operation, three patients (15%) received intravenous idarucizumab 5 g for dabigatran reversal prior to thrombolysis. Mean time between idarucizumab administration and thrombolysis was approximately 10 minutes. Two of the three patients were shown to have large vessel occlusion on CTA in the mobile stroke unit and proceeded to endovascular thrombectomy. At 24 hours, only one patient had a small amount of asymptomatic petechial hemorrhage on follow-up imaging. All patients demonstrated substantial neurological recovery and were discharged to inpatient rehabilitation. Conclusions: Rapid treatment with prehospital administration of idarucizumab prior to thrombolysis using a mobile stroke unit is feasible and facilitates hyperacute treatment.