Chronic Invasive Sinonasal Mucormycosis: A Case Series

Abstract

Objective: Mucormycosis infection of the paranasal sinuses is a rare disease that usually presents as an acute fulminant infection in immunocompromised patients. However, the chronic form of mucormycosis can be seen as well as an indolent and slowly progressive disease. Method: Case series of four patients diagnosed with chronic sinonasal mucormycosis. Results: A series of four consecutive patients treated at a tertiary care center with diagnosis of sinonasal mucormycosis based on histopathological and microbiological confirmation. The duration of symptoms before presentation varied from eight days to four months. Three patients were immunocompromised. Of these, two were rhino-orbito-cerebral form. Mucormycosis was successfully treated with endoscopic surgical debridement and antifungal therapy. Complete resolution reported in two patients and partial response in two patients. Conclusion: Chronic invasive sinonasal mucormycosis is an increasingly diagnosed form of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, which necessitates further study to understand the natural history of the disease.