Active role of elongation factor G in maintaining the mRNA reading frame during translation

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Abstract

During translation, the ribosome moves along the mRNA one codon at a time with the help of elongation factor G (EF-G). Spontaneous changes in the translational reading frame are extremely rare, yet how the precise triplet-wise step is maintained is not clear. Here, we show that the ribosome is prone to spontaneous frameshifting on mRNA slippery sequences, whereas EF-G restricts frameshifting. EF-G helps to maintain the mRNA reading frame by guiding the A-site transfer RNA during translocation due to specific interactions with the tip of EF-G domain 4. Furthermore, EF-G accelerates ribosome rearrangements that restore the ribosome’s control over the codon-anticodon interaction at the end of the movement. Our data explain how the mRNA reading frame is maintained during translation.

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Peng, B. Z., Bock, L. V., Belardinelli, R., Peske, F., Grubmüller, H., & Rodnina, M. V. (2019). Active role of elongation factor G in maintaining the mRNA reading frame during translation. Science Advances, 5(12). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax8030

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