Microbial population and biodiversity in amazonian dark earth soils

Abstract

Many aspects of the origin of Amazonian Dark Earths (ADE) are still unclear. The analysis of Amazonian anthropogenic soils indicates that the alterations caused by human actions, such as the incorporation of organic residues and the effects of fire on the upper horizons influenced many of the chemical and physical characteristics of these soils (e.g. Woods 1995; Kern 1996; Glaser 1999; Woods and McCann 1999; Ruivo and Cunha 2003; Ruivo et al. 2004). Ruivo et al. (2004) show that the microbial biodiversity is higher in ADEs than in Yellow Latosols. ADE soils are more aggregated than Yellow Latosols, a factor that facilitates soil aeration, root distribution, water retention and movement. Soil is an important habitat for microorganisms. The biology of ADE soils is important. Little is currently known about the abundance, activity, and diversity of organisms extant in ADE. So, we have much to learn (e.g. Thies and Suzuki 2003; Tsai et al. this volume, Chapter 15). The study of local knowledge of soil and land management in an ecological perspective in the Amazon Region is very important. The soil microbiological relationships are important for soil fertility management. Analysis of the past and present can help make recommendations on how ethnopedological studies can contribute to enhanced sustainable land use and management in the Amazon (Lehmann et al. 2003; WinklerPrins and Barrera-Bassols 2004; Silva and Rebellato 2004; Thies and Suzuki 2003). © Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2009.