The NCAR CSM is used to simulate the climate at Last Glacial Maximum. The CSM simulates a tropical SST cooling of 2.1°C. It is shown that about half of this tropical cooling is associated with the upper ocean circulation, especially the ventilation of thermocline and intermediate waters from the mid/ high latitude South Pacific.
CITATION STYLE
Liu, Z., Shin, S. I., Otto-Bliesner, B., Kutzbach, J. E., Brady, E. C., & Lee, D. E. (2002). Tropical cooling at the last glacial maximum and extratropical ocean ventilation. Geophysical Research Letters, 29(10), 48-1-48–4. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001gl013938
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