Distribution of ABO and Rh Blood Groups Among Students of Some Ethnic Groups at Dilla University, Ethiopia

Abstract

Red Blood cells (Erythrocytes) have an inherited combination of proteins, glycol-proteins, and glycol-lipids on their surfaces. These function as antigens that enable our immune system to distinguish our own cells from foreign invaders. Part of the immune response is the production of globulins called antibodies to combat the invader. In blood typing, the antigens of Red Blood Cell surfaces are also called agglutinogens because they are partially responsible for Red Blood Cell agglutination in mismatched transfusions.A blood sample was taken from the voluntary students of Dilla University. There are differences in frequency distribution of the blood group (ABO) among the ethnic groups and administrate of the students at Dilla University. The most prevalent blood group was type O (44.49 %) followed by A (26.32 %), B (26.32 %), and AB (2.87 %). The most prevalent Rh-positive blood group among students were type O + (41.94 %) followed by A + (31.72 %), B + (26.34 %), and AB + (2.15 %) as well as the highest Rh-negative blood groups among students were type O -(65.22 %) followed by B -(26.08%), AB -(26.34 %), and no A -blood group. Therefore, the blood type and group of Dilla University students was varies across the ethnic groups.