Ceftriaxone Degradation using Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Nanoparticles: Toxicity and Degradation Mechanism

Abstract

Ceftriaxone is a third generation of cephalosporin antibiotics that commonly used in patients with ulcer. Ceftriaxone residues in the environment are degraded using Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. Degradation of ceftriaxone using TiO2 nanoparticles was influenced by environmental conditions, such as light sources, pH of solution, the mass of TiO2 nanoparticles, and the length of radiation. The remained ceftriaxone was analyzed by using spectrophotometer UV-visible. The toxicity of the solution after degradation process was tested on Escherichia coli and the type of products resulted was analyzed using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (LC-MS). The optimum conditions in degrading 50 mL 250 ppm ceftriaxone was radiation under a mercury UV lamp (white), pH 8, and 100 mg of TiO2 nanoparticles for 9 hours. Degradation degree of ceftriaxone obtained was 96.52%, producing a simpler compounds that not toxic to E. Coli.