Impeachment, Political Crisis and Democracy in Brazil

  • Nunes F
  • Melo C
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Abstract

The year 2016 was marked by the deepening of the crisis that interrupted two decades of unusual political stability in Brazil. Although it has been the most significant event, Dilma Rousseff's impeachment did little to "stop the bleeding," as was shown by the subsequent arrest of the former president of the Chamber of Deputies , Eduardo Cunha (PMDB), and the unfolding of Operation Car Wash (Lava Jato). Besides the economic problems, the Brazilian political system also faced a serious crisis of legitimacy: the main parties were put in check, and a period of uncertainty regarding electoral and partisan competition opened up. In this article, we will review the sequence of the events, exploring some of the factors that explain it, and, aware of the fact that we are in the middle of process with an undefined outcome, we would like to take advantage of the opportunity to resume the debate on the performance of Brazilian democracy as well its perspectives. El año 2016 estuvo marcado por la profundización de una crisis que interrumpió dos déca-das de inusual estabilidad política en Brasil. A pesar de ser el acontecimiento político más significativo del año, el enjuiciamiento de Dilma Rousseff hizo poco para detener el "sangra-do," como lo demostró la posterior detención del ex presidente de la Cámara de Diputados, Eduardo Cunha (PMDB), y el despliegue de la Operación Coche Lavado (LavaJato). Suma-do a los problemas económicos latentes en el país, el sistema político brasileño se enfrenta a una grave crisis de legitimidad: los principales partidos están cuestionados lo que facilita un período de incertidumbre en términos de competencia electoral y partidista. En este artículo, revisamos la secuencia de los eventos ocurridos en 2016, explorando algunos de los factores que los explican, conscientes que estamos aún inmersos en un proceso con un resultado indefinido. Aprovechamos esta oportunidad para reanudar el debate sobre el desempeño de la democracia brasileña y sus perspectivas a futuro. Palabras clave: democracia, presidencialismo, crisis, presidencia interrumpida, Brasil FELIPE NUNES • CARLOS RANULFO MELO 282

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Nunes, F., & Melo, C. R. (2017). Impeachment, Political Crisis and Democracy in Brazil. Revista de Ciencia Política (Santiago), 37(2), 281–304. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-090x2017000200281

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