This article describes a case of horizontal (heterosexual) and subsequent vertical (mother to infant) transmission of 2 human immunodeficiency viruses type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes. Dual infection in a husband, his wife, and their child was initially detected by use of a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay of the proviral pratease in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The simultaneous presence of highly similar sets of HIV-1 subtypes B and C infecting the 3 family members was confirmed by DNA sequence analysis of pal, gag, and env genes. These data, together with available epidemiologic information, may indicate that the husband's high-risk sexual behavior was the source of dual infections. Because his wife did not report such activities, it was likely that he passed HIV-1 strains to his spouse, who subsequently transmitted them to their child.
CITATION STYLE
Janini, L. M., Tanuri, A., Schechter, M., Peralta, J. M., Vicente, A. C. P., Torre, N. D., … Pieniazek, D. (1998). Horizontal and vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 dual infections caused by viruses of subtypes B and C. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 177(1), 227–231. https://doi.org/10.1086/517360
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