The Effects of Fall-Related Experience on Fall Threat among the Community-Dwelling Elderly

Abstract

Objectives: The present study aimed to clarify the effects of fall-related experiences in community-dwelling elderly on fall threat, which is a parameter of fear of falling. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on 289 community-dwelling elderly regarding their fall-related experiences and 24 fall threat items developed by the authors. Relationships, effects of experiences on the five fall threat factors and the predictive capability of the conceptual model of this research were investigated using t-test, one-way analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis. Results: Injury experience had a greater effect than the act of falling itself on the factor of 'physical pain' and stumbling experience significantly affected the two factors of 'loss of independence' and 'trigger for a serious terminal phase.' Information from family and acquaintances had a positive effect on 'physical pain' and 'psychological burden of dependence on others,' while educational opportunities such as community health classes had a negative effect on 'trigger for a serious terminal phase.' However, multiple regression analysis revealed an R2 of ?0.1 for all factors and fall-related experiences alone were unable to predict and explain overall fall threat. Conclusion: Although fall-related experiences have a characteristic effect on fall threat, the condition of 'experience' alone has a limited capacity to explain fall threat. Further investigation involving other factors is required. r