The you-are-here sign in public maps: A design study with special focus on orientation and direction elements

Abstract

In this research we explore the characteristics of the “You-are-here” sign in contrast to the information perceived by the proband. We summarize in order to analyze and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the respective setups. This will allow us to find out which kind of presentation/display and which elements are best suited to evoke speedy spatial cognition and convey the information in the most efficient manner possible. The results show that human body shapes most easily evoke positioning associations, while arrows create a sense of direction. Surrounding signs with a broader area box drawing and applying a 2.5D style does not only consolidate different elements, but also highlights an effect of direction or orientation on the map. When a user is facing the map, it can be rather difficult to correctly determine the pointing direction of such pictograms, accordingly, it usually takes more time to determine its intended meaning.