Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract

Abstract

Kidney and urinary system abnormalities are one of the most common congenital malformations. End-stage renal disease, recurrent urinary tract infections, and hypertension are diseases with significant morbidity. The rate of antenatal diagnosis in children varies between 20% and 30%. It constitutes 40%-50% of the cause of end-stage renal failure in children. Most of them are isolated anomalies, but they can also appear as part of a syndrome. Congenital kidney and urinary tract anomalies (CAKUT) are divided into two groups lower urinary tract anomalies and upper urinary tract anomalies. Diagnosis and planning of kidney and urinary system anomalies in a timely manner and in accordance with the appropriate patient is extremely important in the prevention of end-stage renal failure.