Conclusions: Can Environmental Planning Save the Oceans?

Abstract

This chapter reiterates the main messages of this book. It also articulates fundamental definitions of the methods, tools and technologies used for environmental planning of oceans and coasts, the targeted benefits of their use, the possible pitfalls of implementation and how shortcomings can be overcome. Methods described include ecosystem-based management, ecosystem services and the precautionary principle; tools discussed are marine protected areas and pollution prevention policies; technologies briefly described include those aimed at improving communication about the coastal environment and decision support applications. Change, both in marine and coastal environments and in the field of environmental planning, is emphasized throughout.