Introduction

Abstract

Mathematical models (and therefore numerical simulation results obtained from them) of physical, biological and economical systems always involve errors which lead to discrepancies between simulation results and the results of real systems. In particular, simplifications of the mathematical model are often performed to facilitate its resolution but these generate model errors, the numerical resolution method introduces numerical errors, and a limited knowledge of the system’s parameters, such as its geometry, initial and/or boundary conditions, external forces and material properties (diffusion coefficients, elasticity modulus, etc.), induces additional errors, called data errors.