Retinal vein occlusion

Abstract

Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) are retinal vascular diseases that may cause significant ocular morbidity and vision loss (David et al. 1988; Rogers et al. 2010). It commonly affects men and women equally and occurs predominantly in the age of 65 years (Lang and Handel 1992; Noma et al. 2005 and 2008; Chen et al. 1995; Iturralde et al. 2006). Younger individuals which present with a clinical picture of CRVO may have an underlying inflammatory etiology (Fekrat and Finkelstein 1999). Most common risk factors associated with CRVO and BRVO are systemic hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, glaucoma, carotid insufficiency, smoking, and age-related atherosclerosis (Noma et al. 2005; Sunness et al. 1991). Other associated factors are listed in Table 11.1.