ANÁLISE DA CONCENTRAÇÃO EM MASSA E COMPOSIÇÃO ELEMENTAR DO MATERIAL PARTICULADO FINO (MP2,5) EM CACHOEIRA PAULISTA, SÃO PAULO: AGOSTO DE 2010 A OUTUBRO DE 2011

Abstract

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460X16221 The MP 2.5 has been subject of various studies about air pollution, due to its negative effect on human health, as well asthe direct and indirect effects on the climate energetic balance. The Paraíba Valley is a region that presents serious atmospheric pollution problems, considering its location, topography and economic activities. MP 2.5 5 was sampled daily from August 2010 to October 2011 in Cachoeira Paulista city, located in the north of the Valley, and close to Via-Dutra highway which is characterized by intense traffic mainly trucks. The mass and elemental concentrations were determined bygravimetric and x-rays fluorescence techniques, respectively. The daily average value of 25 µg/m3recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) exceeded in 71 days during the period of study,while the annual average concentration of 19.8 µg/m³ was almost twice the value of the WHO recommendation (10 µg/m3). The elemental concentration analysis showed high average values of sulfur (462 ng/m³), silicon (332 ng/m³), aluminum (187 ng/m³), potassium (163 ng/m³), iron (137 ng/m³), calcium (42,4 ng/m³) and zinc (35,4 ng/m³) to all the period. The variability of potassium concentrations was related to the biomass burning observed in the region. The occurrence of raining was a favorable aspect to the decrease of the MP 2.5 concentrations, reaching the average value of 14.68 ± 12.27 µg/m³, lower than 21.54± 1.,31µg/m³ in the dry period.